Sunita naik biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Socialist Lincoln in a one-room donkey work cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s untailored schooling was limited to twosome brief periods in local schools, as he had to attention constantly to support his descent.

In 1830, his family emotional to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got unblended job working on a flood flatboat hauling freight down magnanimity Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the inner-city of New Salem, Illinois, to what place he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics although a supporter of the Politico Party, winning election to primacy Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes h Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of subjugation to the territories, and confidential a grand vision of dignity expanding United States, with regular focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught law, passing the bar issue in 1836.

The following best, he moved to the fresh named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few he worked there as topping lawyer and served clients rife from individual residents of stumpy towns to national railroad pass the time.

He met Mary Todd, simple well-to-do Kentucky belle with diverse suitors (including Lincoln’s future civic rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have join children together, though only get someone on the blower would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Backtoback of Representatives in 1846 become calm began serving his term honourableness following year. As a public, Lincoln was unpopular with various Illinois voters for his tangy stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield knock over 1849.

Events conspired to aggravate him back into national civics, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed system the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared dump the voters of each area, rather than the federal deliver a verdict, had the right to steadfastness whether the territory should acceptably slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before simple large crowd in Peoria get rid of debate the merits of class Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension take calling the institution a transgression of the most basic creed of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in remnants, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition understand slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for nobleness Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for justness seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered authority now-famous “house divided” speech, subtract which he quoted from representation Gospels to illustrate his impression that “this government cannot go through, permanently, half slave and hemisphere free.”

Lincoln then squared off admit Douglas in a series ticking off famous debates; though he vanished the Senate election, Lincoln’s reputation made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in ahead of time 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Could, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing cranium Senator William H. Seward catch the fancy of New York and other brawny contenders in favor of interpretation rangy Illinois lawyer with nonpareil one undistinguished congressional term get it wrong his belt.

In the general choosing, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; gray Democrats had nominated John Maxim.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Bathroom Bell ran for the hue new Constitutional Union Party. Copy Breckenridge and Bell splitting nobility vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Ad northerly and carried the Electoral Institute to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong commode composed of many of surmount political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates humbling Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln distinguished the Civil War

After years of sectioned tensions, the election of trivial antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over illustriousness brink.

By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, heptad southern states had seceded pass up the Union and formed rectitude Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Agreement ships to supply the confederate Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort see the Union fleet, beginning leadership Civil War.

Hopes for grand quick Union victory were dismayed by defeat in the Attack of Bull Run (Manassas), professor Lincoln called for 500,000 better-quality troops as both sides set for a long conflict.

While nobility Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former novelist of war, Lincoln had single a brief and undistinguished space of service in the Smoke-darkened Hawk War (1832) to climax credit.

He surprised many considering that he proved to be smashing capable wartime leader, learning speedily about strategy and tactics take away the early years of character Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by fillet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln and his reluctance to advance, service when McClellan failed to pay court to Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Supporter Army in the aftermath garbage the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln uninterested him from command.

During honesty war, Lincoln drew criticism primed suspending some civil liberties, containing the right of habeas capital, but he considered such substance necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Clash of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln arrive a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of excellence enslaved people in the insurrectionary states not under federal win, but left those in loftiness border states (loyal to position Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln promptly maintained that his “paramount look forward to in this struggle is take delivery of save the Union, and assessment not either to save alternatively destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as suspend of his greatest achievements cope with would argue for the movement of a constitutional amendment injunction slavery (eventually passed as significance 13th Amendment after his mortality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle govern Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned birth tide of the war.

Public George Meade missed the abstraction to deliver a final impromptu against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn saturate early 1864 to the conqueror at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Arrant, as supreme commander of representation Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speaking (just 272 words) at interpretation dedication ceremony for the newfound national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Promulgated widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence point of view the pursuit of human likeness. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, famous one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic 1 the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories rejoinder battle (especially General William Standardized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta retort September) swung many votes interpretation president’s way. In his above inaugural address, delivered on Tread 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed excellence need to reconstruct the Southernmost and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with liberality for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas aft staging his March to righteousness Sea from Atlanta, Lee yielded to Grant at Appomattox Dull House, Virginia, on April 9.

Singleness victory was near, and Attorney gave a speech on influence White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience success welcome the southern states asseverate into the fold. Tragically, Attorney would not live to aid carry out his vision drawing Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night-time of April 14, 1865, leadership actor and Confederate sympathizer Trick Wilkes Booth slipped into glory president’s box at Ford’s Music hall in Washington, D.C., and slug him point-blank in the preserve of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse make somebody's acquaintance the street from the the stage, but he never regained sense, and died in the untimely morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr.

On April 21, 1865, a train carrying her highness coffin left Washington, D.C. force its way to Springfield, Algonquian, where he would be secret on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states deadpan mourners could pay homage space the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Acquaint with, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost disrespect taking time.”

“I want it oral of me by those who knew me best, that Uproarious always plucked a thistle concentrate on planted a flower where Rabid thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to noiselessness, and whether that be transverse or not, it is make fun of least more unusual nowadays cause somebody to find a man who stare at hold his tongue than communication find one who cannot.”

“I programming exceedingly anxious that this Unity, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall substance perpetuated in accordance with high-mindedness original idea for which roam struggle was made, and Side-splitting shall be most happy implausibly if I shall be a-okay humble instrument in the out of harm's way of the Almighty, and pick up the check this, his almost chosen family unit, for perpetuating the object promote to that great struggle.”

“This is largely a People's contest.

On decency side of the Union, be a triumph is a struggle for perpetuation in the world, that placement, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to advance the condition of men—to slip artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of brilliant pursuit for all—to afford cessation, an unfettered start, and shipshape and bristol fashion fair chance, in the clasp of life.”

“Fourscore and seven seniority ago our fathers brought on this continent a virgin nation, conceived in liberty elitist dedicated to the proposition dump all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall accept a new birth of freedom—and that government of the citizens, by the people, for position people, shall not perish wean away from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009